Volcano monitoring in Latin America: taking a step forward Preface to Special Issue on Volcano Observatories in Latin America
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Abstract
Monitoring the state of active volcanoes is the foundational component of volcanic risk reduction strategies. To a large extent, these responsibilities rest with volcano observatories. Based on the 11 Reports that constitute this Special Issue—“Volcano Observatories in Latin America”—we provide a comprehensive overview of the work that has been carried out by the observatories in Latin America, a region in which tens of millions of people are exposed to volcanic activity. Since the first steps taken in the 1980s, volcano observatories of the region have made significant progress in assessing and monitoring volcanic activity. Currently, 17 institutions officially contribute to monitoring 135 volcanoes in 10 countries. Along with the improvements in the instrumental, technical, and operational capabilities, advancements have been made in long-term hazard assessment and hazard communication. But despite all the progress accomplished, several challenges and limiting factors still remain, such as the lack of financial resources and training opportunities. Efforts should be focused on increasing the number and quality of monitoring networks.
El monitoreo del estado de los volcanes activos es un componente fundamental de las estrategias para la reducción del riesgo volcánico. En gran medida, estas responsabilidades recaen en los observatorios volcánicos. A partir de los 11 Reportes que constituyen este Número Especial –“Observatorios volcanológicos en América Latina”– brindamos un detallado resumen del trabajo llevado adelante por los observatorios en Latinoamérica, una región con decenas de millones de personas expuestas a la actividad volcánica. Desde sus primeros pasos a principios de 1980, los observatorios volcanológicos de la región han logrado avances significativos en la evaluación y vigilancia de la actividad volcánica. Actualmente, 17 instituciones contribuyen oficialmente al monitoreo de 135 volcanes en 10 países. Junto con las mejoras en sus capacidades instrumentales, técnicas y operativas, se produjeron avances también en la evaluación y comunicación de peligros a largo plazo. A pesar del avance logrado, aún persisten desafíos y factores limitantes, como la falta de recursos económicos y oportunidades de capacitación. Los esfuerzos futuros deben centrarse en aumentar el número y la calidad de las redes de monitoreo.
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Accepted 2021-09-10
Published 2021-11-01